![]() ![]() The formula is based on the light reflectancy (LR) readings in percentages for each of the two colors involved. ![]() Color contrast by scienceĪrthur & Passini described in their book Wayfinding from 1992 a reliable calculating method to calculate the contrast difference between two colors. Knowing the relationship between colors is the first step in developing a color scheme for signage and wayfinding systems. His observations on the effect of opposed colors led him to a symmetric arrangement of his color wheel, “for the colours diametrically opposed to each other… are those which reciprocally evoke each other in the eye.” (Goethe, Theory of Colours, 1810)Ī Color Wheel is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle that shows relationships between primary colors, secondary colors and complementary colors. Goethe’s Theory of Colours provided the first systematic study of the physiological effects of color (1810). Complementary colors: Red–orange, red–violet, yellow–orange, yellow–green, blue–violet & blue–green.Secondary colors: Green, orange & violet.The colors are presented in the following way: Swiss painter and designer Johannes Itten created a color wheel that is a organization of 12 color hues around in a circle showing relationships between the colors. ![]() Color programs will distinguish signs from each other and can offer an indication of the message without having to be able to understand the language of the sign. In signage & wayfinding design color is the combining factor to harmonize the sign with the environment. If coloured text is used on a bright background the contrast will be weak, for optimal contrast results is white text against dark colored backgrounds. The article will explore the meaning of color and how to differentiate color in information layers.Ĭontrast between the foreground and background is one of the most important factors for the ease of reading. ![]()
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